根據聯合國的最新統計，全球男女人口比例大致是每100個女性就有101.8個男性，即是男性稍多於女性。男女失衡不算嚴重，不過，細看分布就能看出問題，例如在俄羅斯，每100個女性只有86.8個男性。在阿拉伯、亞洲和北非等地，男性數目比女性多。
華盛頓郵報報導，全球有126個國家或地方是女多男少，男多女少的只有69個，問題是擁有龐大人口的國家如中國、印度，人口比例是男多於女，所以拉 勻也就是男性稍多於女性。最「極端」例子是阿拉伯聯合猶長國，每100個女性對274個男性，也就是說，男人數目接近是女人的3倍。其他中東國家，如卡塔 爾和阿曼也是男遠多於女。主要原因是大量的單身男性去中東工作。
至於中國和印度，報導指出，人民生產時偏愛男孩，會以性別因素選擇墮胎或殺害女嬰，形成了男女比例失衡。在中國，每100名女性對106.3男性，印度是每百女性對107.6男性。
至於俄羅斯，二次大戰對其人口結構造成一定影響，在1939年，男女比例是91.9對100，到1959年變成81.9對100。雖然在蘇聯瓦解後又回升至89.5對100，但踏入90年代，又再度拉闊，相信是同男性早逝（飲酒及醉酒等問題）有關。
美國的男女比例是98.3對100。澳洲是99.9對100。
至於香港，男女人口差距在近年有擴闊跡象，1995年還是100.1名男性對100女性，去到今年已變成88.5對100。
Photo Credit: World Population Prospects - the United Nations
Overall, there are slightly more men than women in the world. According to 2015 estimates by the United Nations, there are 101.8 men for every 100 women, with the number of men rising gradually each year since 1960.
But a map by the Pew Research Center with the latest U.N. data clearly shows that men and women are distributed unequally around the globe. In former Soviet republics, for example, women outnumber men. Conversely, there are more men than women in Asia, Arab countries and Northern Africa.
Latvia, Lithuania, Armenia, Belarus, Russia, Ukraine and Estonia are among the countries with the largest female populations. The same countries also lead world statistics in the life-expectancy gap between men and women. In Belarus, men have a life expectancy of 65.3 years, while it's 77 years for women. Only war-torn Syria has a bigger life-expectancy gap between men and women.
The national differences between male and female populations change with age. In Russia, for example, there are more newborn boys than girls each year, and men continue to outnumber women until age 31. But from age 32 onward, there are more women than men, with the gap widening every year.
Much of the gender discrepancy can be explained by history. The demographics of the former Soviet republics have been greatly influenced by their 2oth-century history. According to the very first census conducted in Russia, there were 98.9 men for every 100 women in 1897. It almost matches today's gender ratio in the United States. (98.3 men for 100 women).
[Map: Where Europe is growing and where it is shrinking]
The proportion of women in Russia started to rise during World War I, and the growth continued through the Russian civil war, famine and the "Great Terror" in the Soviet Union. According to the 1939 census, there were 91.9 men for every 100 women in Russia. Then World War II had a devastating effect on the population of the Soviet Union, with a disproportionate number of men falling in the conflict. In 1959, there were 81.9 men for every 100 women in the Soviet Union, with a big gap between parts of the state directly affected by the war (79.7 men for every 100 women in Ukraine) and those not affected by it (92.3 in Uzbekistan). The gender ratio has since improved. In 1989, shortly before the collapse of the Soviet Union, there were 89.5 men per 100 women there. It was 88.1 in the Russian territories.
The gap started to grow again in the 1990s because of early mortality among men. Most men who die young in Russia do so because of drinking and alcohol-related incidents, Health Minister Veronika Skvortsova said last year.
The imbalance between the sexes is in reverse in China and India, countries known for sex-selective abortions and female infanticide. There are 106.3 men for every 100 women in China and 107.6 in India. This kind of discrepancy can lead to problems such as higher violence and homicide rates, scientists argue. Chinese authorities, concerned by this, have toughened punishment for sex-selective abortion and provided extra pensions for parents of girls in rural areas.
The gap is even wider in the United Arab Emirates and Qatar, with 274 and 265.5 men, respectively, for every 100 women. The main reason for this is that a large number of foreign workers in the Persian Gulf states leave their families back in their native land.
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